Abstract: In order to solve the problem of fuzziness in the evaluation index of mine fire emergency rescue ability, firstly, the evaluation index system of mine fire emergency rescue capability was constructed from the following five aspects: mine ventilation system, mine fire prevention and extinguishing capability, emergency rescue information guarantee, emergency rescue organization guarantee, emergency rescue personnel and material guarantee; secondly, a mine fire emergency rescue capability assessment model based on fuzzy first priority planning (FPP) and interval extension theory was proposed. The model constructed a fuzzy judgment matrix with the help of triangular fuzzy numbers, obtained the index weight by using FPP, and then calculated the mine fire emergency rescue capability level by using interval extension theory; finally, the model was applied to evaluate the fire emergency rescue capability of a mine. The evaluation results show that the emergency rescue capability of this mine is weak, and local adjustment is needed. At the same time, the applicability and effectiveness of the model are verified, which provides a new method for the evaluation of mine fire emergency rescue capability.