Abstract: It is difficult to avoid water pollution in the process of mining and utilization of mining resources, the traditional surface investigation method is limited by time and region, which is time consuming and labor consuming. With the development of remote sensing technology, it is possible to monitor the water environment in mining area in large area and in real time. In this paper, taking part of the Pearl River Basin through Shaoguan City as the research area, using Landsat-8 satellite images, based on the difference of water spectral characteristics, and on the basis of water information extraction, the identification and monitoring of mine polluted water in the study area were realized. The results show that the spectral values of the water in the study area are significantly higher than that of the non-polluted water, and the spectral values of the water are very close to that of the polluted water, indicating that the water in the study area is seriously polluted, which can provide decision support for the improvement of the regional ecological environment.