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朱集东煤矿地面井水力压裂低渗煤层技术及工程实践

Technology and engineering practice of surface well hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability coal seam in Zhujidong Coal Mine

  • 摘要: 朱集东矿13-1煤层具有高瓦斯压力、高瓦斯含量等赋存特征,属于突出煤层,为消除其突出危险性确保煤层安全高效开采,提出采用地面井分段水力压裂技术对该煤层进行压裂,辅以射孔和水力压裂沿井眼轨迹对各段煤岩层进行卸压增透。遵循分段分簇优化、各压裂段采取不同泵注的策略,对各个压裂区段采用“大排量、大粒径、高砂比”原则来控制液量提高砂粒支撑效果。实际注入的压裂液和加砂量显著高于设计参量,且密集台阵能量扫描四维影像压裂裂缝监测发现各段水力压裂裂缝总体积可达1 061.93 m3,瓦斯稳定产气阶段的瓦斯日产量可达2 500 m3以上。多种监测数据表明地面井分段水力压裂技术对13-1煤层致裂具有较好的适用性,可促进压裂区段裂缝交叉贯通,较好的致裂增渗效果和瓦斯排采效率可为煤层安全开采提供安全保障。

     

    Abstract: The 13-1 coal seam in Zhujidong Coal Mine exhibits high gas pressure and gigh gas content, belonging to the outburst coal seam. In order to eliminate the danger of outburst and ensure the safe and efficient mining of the coal seam, this study proposes employing surface well staged hydraulic fracturing technology to induce fractures in the coal seam. This process involves perforation and hydraulic fracturing along the wellbore trajectory to release pressure and increase permeability in each coal and rock layer. Following the strategy of segmented and clustered optimization and adopting different pumping strategies for each fracturing section, the principle of " large volume, large particle size, and high sand concentration" was utilized to regulate fluid volume and improve sand support effectiveness in each fracturing section. The actual injection of fracturing fluid and the amount of sand added were significantly higher than the designed parameters. Moreover, the four-dimensional image monitoring of fracturing fractures by intensive array energy scanning revealed that the total volume of hydraulic fracturing fractures in each section could reach 1061. 93 m3, and the daily gas yield during the stable gas production stage could exceed 2,500 m3. These findings demonstrate that surface well staged hydraulic fracturing technology is highly applicable for increasing permeability within the 13-1 coal seam by promoting intersection and penetration of fracture zones. Better cracking and permeability increase effect and gas drainage efficiency could provide safety guarantee for the safety of coal seam mining.

     

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