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智能采掘设备振动信号降噪方法研究

Research on denoising method for vibration signal of intelligent mining equipment

  • 摘要: 准确采集各种信号及提取特征是实现采掘装备自动控制的关键。电动机轴承的振动信号是采掘装备自动识别煤岩的重要信号之一,其在复杂工况条件下受到环境噪声及部件摩擦的严重干扰,易导致信号特征模糊,影响采掘设备信号特征提取。提出一种基于改进型自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)与遗传算法优化多尺度排列熵(MPE)的联合小波降噪方法,并通过信噪比、均方误差和降噪误差比来评价其有效性。研究表明:相较于EEMD-MPE、CEEMDAN-MPE与ICEEMDAN-MPE等传统方法,联合小波降噪方法在仿真信号和机械设备轴承振动数据集中的信噪比最大、均方误差最小、降噪误差比最大,该方法不仅展现出优异的噪声抑制能力,同时有效保留了表征机械状态的特征信息。通过研究煤矿采掘设备的电动机轴承信号,可为研究整个采掘设备的信号特征提供前置研究,并为后续煤岩自动识别与工矿设备自动化、智能化奠定了一定的基础。

     

    Abstract: Accurately collecting various signals and extracting features is the key to achieving automatic control of mining equipment. The vibration signal of motor bearings is one of the important signals for automatic identification of coal and rock in mining equipment. It is severely affected by environmental noise and component friction under complex working conditions, resulting in blurry signal characteristics and affecting the signal characteristics of mining equipment. This study proposes a joint wavelet denoising method based on Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(ICEEMDAN)and Multiscale Permutation Entropy(MPE)optimized by a genetic algorithm, and evaluates its effectiveness through signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, and denoising error ratio. The research results show that compared to traditional methods such as EEMD-MPE, CEEMDAN-MPE, and ICEEMDAN-MPE, the proposed joint wavelet denoising method has the highest signal-to-noise ratio, minimum mean square error, and maximum denoising error ratio in simulated signals and mechanical equipment bearing vibration datasets. This method not only exhibits excellent noise suppression capabilities, but also effectively preserves the feature information that characterizes the mechanical state. By studying the motor bearing signals of coal mining equipment, it can provide preliminary research for studying the signal characteristics of the entire mining equipment, and lay a certain foundation for the subsequent automatic recognition of coal and rock and the automation and intelligence of working condition equipment.

     

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