Abstract: To improve the accuracy of early warning for occupational hazards caused by coal mine dust, this study analyzes the influencing factors, establishes a causal model based on the DPSR framework, and develops an early warning index system.The index system comprises six first-level indicators (external supervision, production environment, dust characteristics, occupational health status, dust prevention technical measures, and dust prevention management measures) and 24 second-level indicators.The comprehensive weights of the indicators are determined using the AHP-variable-weight method and an improved entropy weight method.Combined with matter-element extension theory, a early warning method for occupational hazards of coal mine dust is proposed.The results show that the weights of the first-level indicators, in descending order, are: dust characteristics, occupational health status, dust prevention management measures, production environment, dust prevention technical measures, and external supervision.Among the secondary indicators, dust concentration, cumulative dust exposure, dust contact time, and free SiO₂ content in dust have relatively high comprehensive weights, with 10 indicators identified as high-warning level.The findings provide a theoretical basis for the risk control of occupational hazards caused by coal mine dust.