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基于废弃油气井的地热资源及其构造聚热机制研究

A study on geothermal resources and their structural heat accumulation mechanisms based on abandoned oil and gas wells

  • 摘要: 四川盆地泸州地区石油天然气开发已进入成熟期,拥有大量的废弃油气井,且含水率较高,研究其地热资源的转型开发对实现区域“双碳”目标具有战略意义。研究区位于印支期泸州—开江古隆起之上,二叠系栖霞—茅口组是最主要的岩溶型热储层,具备典型的盆地型岩溶层控中低温地热系统特征。基于废弃油气井丰富的地质、地震、钻井及测井资料,开展储盖组合、温度分布与构造样式分析,揭示了研究区古隆起范围内地热聚热机制属“热传导+隐伏断裂热对流+热辐射反射聚热”叠加型聚热机制,并采用体积法对地热资源量进行了定量评价。研究表明:印支期发育的泸州古隆起导致地壳隆升,喜山、燕山期构造运动导致断裂发育,诱导深部热流向地处隆起区的泸州地区聚集,共同组成了构造聚热机制。栖霞—茅口组地热资源总量为2.894×1020 J,折合标准煤9.87×109 t,资源潜力巨大。

     

    Abstract: The oil and gas development in the Luzhou Area of the Sichuan Basin has entered a mature stage, charactericed by a large number of abandoned wells with high warter-cut. Research on the redevelopment of its geothermal resources holds strategic significance for achieving the region's "dual carbon"goals. The study area located on the Indosinian Luzhou-Kaijiang paleo-uplift, hosts the Qixia-Maokou Formation of the Permian, recognized as the region's most significant karst-type geothermal reservoir. This formation exhibits the typical features of a basin-type, stratabound, medium- to low-temperature geothermal system. Drawing on geological, seismic, drilling, and logging data, this study analyzes the reservoir-caprock assemblages, temperature distribution, and structural characteristics of the area. Findings reveal that geothermal heat accumulation in the paleo-uplift zone results from a combined mechanism of heat conduction, concealed fault-driven heat convection, and thermal radiation reflection. A volumetric approach was used to quantitatively assess geothermal resource reserves. The results indicate that crustal uplift from the Indosinian Luzhou paleo-uplift, together with fault development caused by Himalayan and Yanshan tectonic movements, facilitated the accumulation of deep geothermal fluids in the Luzhou area, forming a distinctive tectonic heat accumulation system. The estimated geothermal resources in the Qixia-Maokou Formation total 2.894×1020 J, equivalent to 9.87×109 tons of standard coal, demonstrating substantial potential for geothermal development in the region.

     

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